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Unchanged: <p><strong><em>Sonic the Hedgehog</em></strong> (ソニック・ザ・ヘッジホッグ, <em>Sonikku za Hejjihoggu</em>) is a [yadawiki link="video game"] franchise created by Japanese developers [yadawiki link="Yuji Naka"], [yadawiki link="Naoto Ohshima"], and [yadawiki link="Hirokazu Yasuhara"] for [yadawiki link="Sega"]. The series stars [yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog (character)" show="Sonic the Hedgehog"], an anthropomorphic blue [yadawiki link="hedgehog"] with supersonic speed, who battles the mad scientist [yadawiki link="Doctor Eggman"].</p>Unchanged: <p><strong><em>Sonic the Hedgehog</em></strong> (ソニック・ザ・ヘッジホッグ, <em>Sonikku za Hejjihoggu</em>) is a [yadawiki link="video game"] franchise created by Japanese developers [yadawiki link="Yuji Naka"], [yadawiki link="Naoto Ohshima"], and [yadawiki link="Hirokazu Yasuhara"] for [yadawiki link="Sega"]. The series stars [yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog (character)" show="Sonic the Hedgehog"], an anthropomorphic blue [yadawiki link="hedgehog"] with supersonic speed, who battles the mad scientist [yadawiki link="Doctor Eggman"].</p>
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Unchanged: <p>The franchise debuted on June 21, 1991 with the release of [yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog (1991 video game)" show="Sonic the Hedgehog"] for the [yadawiki link="Sega Mega Drive" show="Mega Drive/Genesis"]. Designed to rival [yadawiki link="Mario"], the game’s popularity helped make Sonic a cultural icon of the 1990s. [yadawiki link="Sega Technical Institute"] developed the next entries, including <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog 2"]</em>, <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog 3"]</em>, <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic &amp; Knuckles"]</em>, and the spin-off <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic Spinball"]</em>. Titles were also released for the [yadawiki link="Master System"] and [yadawiki link="Game Gear"].</p>Unchanged: <p>The franchise debuted on June 21, 1991 with the release of [yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog (1991 video game)" show="Sonic the Hedgehog"] for the [yadawiki link="Sega Mega Drive" show="Mega Drive/Genesis"]. Designed to rival [yadawiki link="Mario"], the game’s popularity helped make Sonic a cultural icon of the 1990s. [yadawiki link="Sega Technical Institute"] developed the next entries, including <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog 2"]</em>, <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog 3"]</em>, <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic &amp; Knuckles"]</em>, and the spin-off <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic Spinball"]</em>. Titles were also released for the [yadawiki link="Master System"] and [yadawiki link="Game Gear"].</p>
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Unchanged: <p>After a pause during the [yadawiki link="Sega Saturn"] era, the franchise moved into 3D with <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic Adventure"]</em> on the [yadawiki link="Dreamcast"] in 1998. Following <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic Adventure 2"]</em> in 2001, Sega left the console market and continued Sonic’s adventures on [yadawiki link="PlayStation"], [yadawiki link="Xbox"], and Nintendo systems. Since 2010, [yadawiki link="Takashi Iizuka (game designer)" show="Takashi Iizuka"] has led the series as producer.</p>Unchanged: <p>After a pause during the [yadawiki link="Sega Saturn"] era, the franchise moved into 3D with <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic Adventure"]</em> on the [yadawiki link="Dreamcast"] in 1998. Following <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic Adventure 2"]</em> in 2001, Sega left the console market and continued Sonic’s adventures on [yadawiki link="PlayStation"], [yadawiki link="Xbox"], and Nintendo systems. Since 2010, [yadawiki link="Takashi Iizuka (game designer)" show="Takashi Iizuka"] has led the series as producer.</p>
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Unchanged: <p>The mainline games are [yadawiki link="platformer"]s developed by [yadawiki link="Sonic Team"]. Gameplay emphasizes speed, collecting rings as a [yadawiki link="Health (game terminology)" show="health system"], and navigating iconic zones like [yadawiki link="Green Hill Zone"] filled with slopes, springs, loops, and bottomless pits. A recurring theme is Sonic stopping Eggman’s schemes, which often involve the [yadawiki link="Chaos Emeralds"]. These powerful gems can grant [yadawiki link="super transformation"]s, allowing Sonic and others to reach incredible forms.</p>Unchanged: <p>The mainline games are [yadawiki link="platformer"]s developed by [yadawiki link="Sonic Team"]. Gameplay emphasizes speed, collecting rings as a [yadawiki link="Health (game terminology)" show="health system"], and navigating iconic zones like [yadawiki link="Green Hill Zone"] filled with slopes, springs, loops, and bottomless pits. A recurring theme is Sonic stopping Eggman’s schemes, which often involve the [yadawiki link="Chaos Emeralds"]. These powerful gems can grant [yadawiki link="super transformation"]s, allowing Sonic and others to reach incredible forms.</p>
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Unchanged: <p>The franchise has introduced a wide cast of characters, many of whom became fan favorites. Allies include [yadawiki link="Miles Prower" show="Miles 'Tails' Prower"], [yadawiki link="Knuckles the Echidna"], and [yadawiki link="Amy Rose"], while rivals and enemies include [yadawiki link="Shadow the Hedgehog"], [yadawiki link="Metal Sonic"], and [yadawiki link="Dr. Eggman" show="Eggman"]’s many robotic creations. Some characters, such as Shadow, Knuckles, and Tails, have headlined their own spin-off games.</p>Unchanged: <p>The franchise has introduced a wide cast of characters, many of whom became fan favorites. Allies include [yadawiki link="Miles Prower" show="Miles 'Tails' Prower"], [yadawiki link="Knuckles the Echidna"], and [yadawiki link="Amy Rose"], while rivals and enemies include [yadawiki link="Shadow the Hedgehog"], [yadawiki link="Metal Sonic"], and [yadawiki link="Dr. Eggman" show="Eggman"]’s many robotic creations. Some characters, such as Shadow, Knuckles, and Tails, have headlined their own spin-off games.</p>
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Unchanged: <p>Beyond the main series, Sonic has appeared in [yadawiki link="Mario &amp; Sonic"], [yadawiki link="Sega All-Stars (series)" show="Sega All-Stars"], and [yadawiki link="Super Smash Bros."] crossover titles. He has also starred in adaptations across multiple media: comics published by [yadawiki link="Archie Comics"], [yadawiki link="Fleetway Publications"], [yadawiki link="DC Comics"], and [yadawiki link="IDW Publishing"]; animated shows from [yadawiki link="DIC Entertainment"], [yadawiki link="TMS Entertainment"], [yadawiki link="Genao Productions"], and [yadawiki link="Netflix"]; and a [yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog (film series)" show="live-action film series"] by [yadawiki link="Paramount Pictures"]. Sonic merchandise includes toys, figures, and a [yadawiki link="Lego Sonic the Hedgehog" show="Lego"] line.</p>Unchanged: <p>Beyond the main series, Sonic has appeared in [yadawiki link="Mario &amp; Sonic"], [yadawiki link="Sega All-Stars (series)" show="Sega All-Stars"], and [yadawiki link="Super Smash Bros."] crossover titles. He has also starred in adaptations across multiple media: comics published by [yadawiki link="Archie Comics"], [yadawiki link="Fleetway Publications"], [yadawiki link="DC Comics"], and [yadawiki link="IDW Publishing"]; animated shows from [yadawiki link="DIC Entertainment"], [yadawiki link="TMS Entertainment"], [yadawiki link="Genao Productions"], and [yadawiki link="Netflix"]; and a [yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog (film series)" show="live-action film series"] by [yadawiki link="Paramount Pictures"]. Sonic merchandise includes toys, figures, and a [yadawiki link="Lego Sonic the Hedgehog" show="Lego"] line.</p>
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Unchanged: <p><strong><em>Sonic</em></strong> is among the [yadawiki link="best-selling video game franchises"], with total sales and downloads surpassing 1.77 billion units by 2025[ref]Sega Sammy Holdings, Integrated Reports (2022, 2024).[/ref]. The early Genesis titles remain praised as some of the [yadawiki link="List of video games considered the best" show="greatest of all time"], and their impact on the 1990s gaming landscape is still celebrated. While later entries such as <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog (2006 video game)" show="Sonic the Hedgehog (2006)]</em>, <em>[yadawiki link="Shadow the Hedgehog (game)" show="Shadow the Hedgehog"]</em>, and <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic and the Secret Rings"]</em> were met with mixed reception, the franchise continues to shape the gaming industry. Sonic’s active [yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog fandom" show="fandom"] produces [yadawiki link="fan art"], [yadawiki link="fan game" show="fan games"], and countless community projects, keeping the Blue Blur’s legacy alive.</p>Unchanged: <p><strong><em>Sonic</em></strong> is among the [yadawiki link="best-selling video game franchises"], with total sales and downloads surpassing 1.77 billion units by 2025[ref]Sega Sammy Holdings, Integrated Reports (2022, 2024).[/ref]. The early Genesis titles remain praised as some of the [yadawiki link="List of video games considered the best" show="greatest of all time"], and their impact on the 1990s gaming landscape is still celebrated. While later entries such as <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog (2006 video game)" show="Sonic the Hedgehog (2006)]</em>, <em>[yadawiki link="Shadow the Hedgehog (game)" show="Shadow the Hedgehog"]</em>, and <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic and the Secret Rings"]</em> were met with mixed reception, the franchise continues to shape the gaming industry. Sonic’s active [yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog fandom" show="fandom"] produces [yadawiki link="fan art"], [yadawiki link="fan game" show="fan games"], and countless community projects, keeping the Blue Blur’s legacy alive.</p>
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Unchanged: <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Overview</h2>Unchanged: <h2 class="wp-block-heading">Overview</h2>
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Unchanged: <p>The mainline games center on conflicts between [yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog (character)" show="Sonic the Hedgehog"] and his arch-nemesis [yadawiki link="Doctor Eggman" show="Dr. Ivo 'Eggman' Robotnik"]. Sonic is a blue hedgehog with a carefree and cool attitude, able to run at supersonic speeds and attack enemies by [yadawiki link="Spin Attack" show="curling into a ball"][ref]Sonic Adventure Tokyo International Forum Unveiling Booklet, August 22, 1998, p. 6[/ref]. Eggman is a human scientist with an IQ of 300 who seeks to build the "[yadawiki link="Eggman Empire"]" or "[yadawiki link="Eggmanland"]", replacing nature with machines[ref]Super Smash Bros. Brawl, Trophy Hoard, Nintendo, 2008[/ref][ref]Sega, "Come Join the Eggman Empire!", YouTube, 2017[/ref].</p>Unchanged: <p>The mainline games center on conflicts between [yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog (character)" show="Sonic the Hedgehog"] and his arch-nemesis [yadawiki link="Doctor Eggman" show="Dr. Ivo 'Eggman' Robotnik"]. Sonic is a blue hedgehog with a carefree and cool attitude, able to run at supersonic speeds and attack enemies by [yadawiki link="Spin Attack" show="curling into a ball"][ref]Sonic Adventure Tokyo International Forum Unveiling Booklet, August 22, 1998, p. 6[/ref]. Eggman is a human scientist with an IQ of 300 who seeks to build the "[yadawiki link="Eggman Empire"]" or "[yadawiki link="Eggmanland"]", replacing nature with machines[ref]Super Smash Bros. Brawl, Trophy Hoard, Nintendo, 2008[/ref][ref]Sega, "Come Join the Eggman Empire!", YouTube, 2017[/ref].</p>
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Unchanged: <p>The series was heavily inspired by 1990s culture, often reflecting environmental themes. Sonic represents “nature” while Eggman symbolizes “machinery” and unchecked development[ref]Yuji Naka interview, Sega.com, 1997[/ref].</p>Unchanged: <p>The series was heavily inspired by 1990s culture, often reflecting environmental themes. Sonic represents “nature” while Eggman symbolizes “machinery” and unchecked development[ref]Yuji Naka interview, Sega.com, 1997[/ref].</p>
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Unchanged: <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Chaos Emeralds</h3>Unchanged: <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Chaos Emeralds</h3>
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Unchanged: <p>Central to the franchise are the [yadawiki link="Chaos Emeralds"], seven gemstones with mystical power[ref]Sonic Adventure Production Presentation, Tokyo International Forum, 1998[/ref]. The Emeralds respond to thoughts and can cause miracles, including warping time and space with [yadawiki link="Chaos Control"][ref]Sonic the Hedgehog (2006), Xbox 360, Sega/Blindlight[/ref]. They can energize living beings, fuel advanced weapons, and when all seven are gathered, grant a [yadawiki link="Super transformation"], making the user nearly invincible[ref]Sonic the Hedgehog (1991) Japanese manual[/ref].</p>Unchanged: <p>Central to the franchise are the [yadawiki link="Chaos Emeralds"], seven gemstones with mystical power[ref]Sonic Adventure Production Presentation, Tokyo International Forum, 1998[/ref]. The Emeralds respond to thoughts and can cause miracles, including warping time and space with [yadawiki link="Chaos Control"][ref]Sonic the Hedgehog (2006), Xbox 360, Sega/Blindlight[/ref]. They can energize living beings, fuel advanced weapons, and when all seven are gathered, grant a [yadawiki link="Super transformation"], making the user nearly invincible[ref]Sonic the Hedgehog (1991) Japanese manual[/ref].</p>
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Unchanged: <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Characters</h3>Unchanged: <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Characters</h3>
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Unchanged: <p>The franchise is known for its large cast. Many were introduced in the Mega Drive era:</p>Unchanged: <p>The franchise is known for its large cast. Many were introduced in the Mega Drive era:</p>
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Unchanged: <li>[yadawiki link="Miles Prower" show="Miles 'Tails' Prower"], a mechanical genius from West Side Island and Sonic’s best friend, debuted in <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog 2"]</em> (1992).</li>Unchanged: <li>[yadawiki link="Miles Prower" show="Miles 'Tails' Prower"], a mechanical genius from West Side Island and Sonic’s best friend, debuted in <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog 2"]</em> (1992).</li>
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Unchanged: <li><em>[yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog CD"]</em> (1993) introduced [yadawiki link="Amy Rose"], a pink hedgehog wielding the [yadawiki link="Piko Piko Hammer"], and [yadawiki link="Metal Sonic"], Eggman’s robotic copy of Sonic.</li>Unchanged: <li><em>[yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog CD"]</em> (1993) introduced [yadawiki link="Amy Rose"], a pink hedgehog wielding the [yadawiki link="Piko Piko Hammer"], and [yadawiki link="Metal Sonic"], Eggman’s robotic copy of Sonic.</li>
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Unchanged: <li><em>[yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog 3"]</em> (1994) added [yadawiki link="Knuckles the Echidna"], guardian of the [yadawiki link="Master Emerald"] on [yadawiki link="Angel Island"].</li>Unchanged: <li><em>[yadawiki link="Sonic the Hedgehog 3"]</em> (1994) added [yadawiki link="Knuckles the Echidna"], guardian of the [yadawiki link="Master Emerald"] on [yadawiki link="Angel Island"].</li>
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Unchanged: <li><em>[yadawiki link="Sonic &amp; Knuckles"]</em> (1994) expanded on the Master Emerald’s role.</li>Unchanged: <li><em>[yadawiki link="Sonic &amp; Knuckles"]</em> (1994) expanded on the Master Emerald’s role.</li>
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Unchanged: <li><em>[yadawiki link="Knuckles' Chaotix"]</em> (1995) introduced [yadawiki link="Vector the Crocodile"], [yadawiki link="Espio the Chameleon"], and [yadawiki link="Charmy Bee"], forming [yadawiki link="Team Chaotix"].</li>Unchanged: <li><em>[yadawiki link="Knuckles' Chaotix"]</em> (1995) introduced [yadawiki link="Vector the Crocodile"], [yadawiki link="Espio the Chameleon"], and [yadawiki link="Charmy Bee"], forming [yadawiki link="Team Chaotix"].</li>
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Unchanged: <p>As the series transitioned to 3D with <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic Adventure"]</em> (1998), Sonic Team redesigned characters with sleeker proportions and colored eyes[ref]Polygon, “How Sega moved Sonic from 2D to 3D,” 2017[/ref]. Later, <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic Generations"]</em> (2011) retroactively named pre-Adventure designs “Classic” and later ones “Modern.”</p>Unchanged: <p>As the series transitioned to 3D with <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic Adventure"]</em> (1998), Sonic Team redesigned characters with sleeker proportions and colored eyes[ref]Polygon, “How Sega moved Sonic from 2D to 3D,” 2017[/ref]. Later, <em>[yadawiki link="Sonic Generations"]</em> (2011) retroactively named pre-Adventure designs “Classic” and later ones “Modern.”</p>
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Unchanged: <p>Additional characters introduced from <em>Sonic Adventure</em> onward include [yadawiki link="Big the Cat"], [yadawiki link="Chaos"], [yadawiki link="Tikal"], [yadawiki link="Shadow the Hedgehog"], [yadawiki link="Rouge the Bat"], [yadawiki link="Cream the Rabbit"] and [yadawiki link="Cheese"], [yadawiki link="E-123 Omega"], [yadawiki link="Blaze the Cat"], the [yadawiki link="Babylon Rogues"], [yadawiki link="Silver the Hedgehog"], [yadawiki link="Orbot"] and [yadawiki link="Cubot"], and [yadawiki link="Sage (character)" show="Sage"].</p>Unchanged: <p>Additional characters introduced from <em>Sonic Adventure</em> onward include [yadawiki link="Big the Cat"], [yadawiki link="Chaos"], [yadawiki link="Tikal"], [yadawiki link="Shadow the Hedgehog"], [yadawiki link="Rouge the Bat"], [yadawiki link="Cream the Rabbit"] and [yadawiki link="Cheese"], [yadawiki link="E-123 Omega"], [yadawiki link="Blaze the Cat"], the [yadawiki link="Babylon Rogues"], [yadawiki link="Silver the Hedgehog"], [yadawiki link="Orbot"] and [yadawiki link="Cubot"], and [yadawiki link="Sage (character)" show="Sage"].</p>
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Unchanged: <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Gameplay</h3>Unchanged: <h3 class="wp-block-heading">Gameplay</h3>
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Deleted: <p>[yadawiki link="File:Sonicgenerationsskysanctuaryzonescreenshots2.jpg" show=" " size="263" caption="2D gameplay from <em>[yadawiki link='Sonic Generations']</em>."]</p> 
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Unchanged: <p><strong>2D Games</strong> – Early titles are side-scrolling [yadawiki link="platformer"]s emphasizing speed, loops, and momentum. Golden [yadawiki link="Ring"]s serve as health; even one ring prevents losing a life. 100 rings usually grant a [yadawiki link="1-Up"]. Levels feature [yadawiki link="loop" show="loops"], [yadawiki link="corkscrew" show="corkscrews"], hazards like [yadawiki link="Spikes (obstacle)" show="spikes"] and [yadawiki link="bottomless pit" show="bottomless pits"], and enemies known as [yadawiki link="Badnik" show="Badniks"]. Power-ups like [yadawiki link="Shield"], [yadawiki link="Power Sneakers (power-up)" show="Power Sneakers"], and extra lives are contained in monitor items. Stages are divided into [yadawiki link="Zone" show="Zones"], each with two to three Acts, usually ending with a boss fight. [yadawiki link="Special Stage" show="Special Stages"] allow players to earn Chaos Emeralds and continues.</p>Unchanged: <p><strong>2D Games</strong> – Early titles are side-scrolling [yadawiki link="platformer"]s emphasizing speed, loops, and momentum. Golden [yadawiki link="Ring"]s serve as health; even one ring prevents losing a life. 100 rings usually grant a [yadawiki link="1-Up"]. Levels feature [yadawiki link="loop" show="loops"], [yadawiki link="corkscrew" show="corkscrews"], hazards like [yadawiki link="Spikes (obstacle)" show="spikes"] and [yadawiki link="bottomless pit" show="bottomless pits"], and enemies known as [yadawiki link="Badnik" show="Badniks"]. Power-ups like [yadawiki link="Shield"], [yadawiki link="Power Sneakers (power-up)" show="Power Sneakers"], and extra lives are contained in monitor items. Stages are divided into [yadawiki link="Zone" show="Zones"], each with two to three Acts, usually ending with a boss fight. [yadawiki link="Special Stage" show="Special Stages"] allow players to earn Chaos Emeralds and continues.</p>
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Unchanged: <p><strong>3D Games</strong> – Later entries expanded movement and cinematic presentation, emphasizing story and character development while adapting classic mechanics to 3D environments.</p>Unchanged: <p><strong>3D Games</strong> – Later entries expanded movement and cinematic presentation, emphasizing story and character development while adapting classic mechanics to 3D environments.</p>
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Unchanged: <h2 class="wp-block-heading">References</h2>Unchanged: <h2 class="wp-block-heading">References</h2>
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Unchanged: <p>[reflist]</p>Unchanged: <p>[reflist]</p>
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